Choices between different off-farm employment sub-categories: An empirical analysis for Jiangxi Province, China |
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Authors: | Xiaoping SHI Nico HEERINK Futian QU |
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Affiliation: | aNanjing Agricultural University, China;bInternational Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI), China |
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Abstract: | This paper analyzes the relative importance of four sub-categories of off-farm employment, and the factors driving participation of individuals in these sub-categories for three villages in Jiangxi Province. We find that migration is the most important type of off-farm employment, while agricultural wage employment is a minor activity. Migrant remittances are smaller than household incomes earned from self-employment and local non-farm employment. The results of a multinomial probit analysis explaining off-farm participation decisions show that presence of young children in a household restrains participation in migration, while the presence of elderly persons and a higher level of education stimulate migration. Local wage employment and self-employment are not affected by these factors. The gender bias in access to off-farm employment is largest for agricultural employment and local non-agricultural employment. Land scarcity stimulates participation in migration and local non-agricultural employment, while possibilities to rent land out to other farmers stimulate only migration. The paper ends with policy suggestions for promoting off-farm employment within the own region and for altering the criteria for land distribution to rural households. |
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Keywords: | Off-farm employment Migration Household survey China |
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