我国粮食生产的区域变化特征与政策建议

改革开放以来,我国粮食生产的区域格局发生了重大变化,粮食主产区的地位明显上升,主销区的地位显著下降;粮食生产重心持续北移;主要粮食品种逐步向优势产区集中.本文认为,水土资源的矛盾分布、经济发展与粮食生产重心的区域矛盾以及粮食生产的规模化、专业化水平和潜在生产能力是影响我国粮食生产区域结构变化的主要因素.在此基础上,提出了着力打造粮食生产核心区和产粮大县、进一步加大粮食主产区利益补偿机制、改善平衡区生产条件和加快粮食流通体系建设等政策建议.

Regional Variation Characteristics and Policy Suggestions of Grain Production in China

Since reform and opening,the regional pattern of China’s grain production has undergone major changes,significantly increased the status of major grain producing areas,the status of a significant decline in sales areas;grain production center continued to move northward;the major species concentrate gradually to the advantage grain producing areas.This paper argues that the contradiction distribution between land and water resources,the conflict between economic development and regional grain production center and large-scale grain production,professional level of production capacity and potential impact of structural changes of China’s grain production areas are the main factors.On this basis,this paper put forward some policy recommendations which are made efforts to build the core area of grain production and the major grain-producing counties,and further increase the compensation mechanism for the interests of major grain producing areas,improve production conditions and accelerate the balance area of grain circulation system.