贸易措施的效果分析与政策取向——以关税、配额与补贴为例

关税、配额与补贴是一个国家用来保护国内市场、帮助国内厂商抵御国外对手竞争的常用措施。由于保护机制不同 ,关税、配额与补贴对不同利益主体的利益再分配会产生不同的影响 :关税措施有利于生产者和政府 ,不利于消费者 ;配额措施有利于生产者 ,不利于消费者 ,政府利益不受影响 ;补贴措施有利于生产者和消费者 ,不利于政府。一个国家可以根据其要保护的利益主体不同采取相应的保护措施

Tariff Barriers, Import Quota and Subsidies:Effect Analysis and Policy Choice

Tariff barriers,import quota and subsidies are the measures most in use for one country to protect its domestic market and help national businesses withstand the competition of foreign competitors.Because their protective mechanisms are different,tariff barriers,import quota and subsidies bring about different effects on profit re-distribution:tariff barriers being of advantage to producers and authority,import quota to producers and subsidies to producers and consumers.And meanwhile,tariff barriers and import quota are disadvantageous to consumers and subsidies to authority.Therefore,one country could adopt the corresponding protective measures in the light of different profit subjects.