数据信托参与数据治理:理论逻辑与实现机制

基于数据流通场景的数据治理和数据权利保护,以个人对个人信息/数据的绝对控制权为理论基础;这种个人绝对赋权模式忽视信息/数据的社会属性和公共属性,不能充分发挥信息/数据的价值。传统信托制度参与数据治理与信托当事人理论和信托财产理论等方面存在抵牾。当前实在法体系下,综合运用法律解释等法律方法能够为数据信托参与数据治理提供制度可能。由传统信托理论出发,对未来数据信托制度的建构必须基于数据收集阶段和数据流通阶段的具体区分,数据流通阶段是数据信托发生的主要场景;可以采取修改法律以及出台司法解释等方式更新传统信托理论,使之更加契合数据时代对数据权利保护的根本目的。

Data Trust Participates in Data Governance:Theoretical Logic and Implementation Mechanism

Data governance and data rights protection based on data circulation scenarios is based on the absolute control rights of individuals over personal information/data.This model of absolute personal empowerment ignores the social and public attributes of information/data,and cannot give full play to the value of information/data.The traditional trust system’s participation in data governance conflicts with the theory of trust parties and the theory of trust property.Under the current positive law system,the comprehensive use of legal interpretations and other legal methods can provide institutional possibilities for data trusts to participate in data governance.Starting from the traditional trust theory,the construction of the future data trust system must be based on the specific distinction between the data collection stage and the data circulation stage.The data circulation stage is the main scenario where data trust occurs;the traditional trust can be updated by modifying the law and issuing judicial interpretations.The theory makes it more in line with the fundamental purpose of data rights protection in the data age.