不同所有制企业技术创新能力考察简

不同所有制企业因产权性质差异而具有不同的技术创新激励。本文比较分析了我国不同所有制企业的技术创新能力差异及其原因。研究发现，混合所有制企业技术创新能力最强，国有企业技术创新能力最弱，私营企业具有专利创新优势但其整体创新能力有待提高，外商投资企业创新投入少但在新产品和劳动生产率上拥有显著优势。产权性质差异是导致国有企业、私营企业和混合所有制企业技术创新能力差异的主要原因，外商投资企业依赖于母公司的技术转移是导致其创新投入少但拥有新产品优势的主要原因。为提升我国不同所有制企业的技术创新能力，应继续深化国有企业改革、优化私营企业的经营环境、激励跨国公司在我国建立研发基地。

Innovative Capacities of Different Ownership Enterprises

Different ownership enterprises have different innovative incentives due to their different ownership nature. The paper investigates comparatively the innovative capacities of different ownership enterprises. The paper finds that Mix-owned Enterprise （MOE） is the most innovative one in all of ownership types and State-owned Enterprise （SOE） is the least. The paper also finds that Private Enterprise （PE） has the advantages on patenting and Foreign-funded Enterprise （FFE） has the advantages on new product and labor productivity while its technological input is less. The difference in ownership nature is the main reason that induces SOE, PE and MOE having different innovative capacities. The asset-exploiting innovation strategy adopted by Multinationals in China is tile main reason that induces FFE investing less on innovation. In order to enhance the innovative capacities of different ownership enterprises, China should further reform SOE, improve the operating environment of PE and stimulate multinationals to establish centers for research and development.