转轨国家外向与内向营商效率的差异与比较研究——基于转轨国家2005～2010年的经验数据分析

在转轨经济学中,转轨绩效的评价问题是近年来该学科的重要研究问题之一。转轨绩效不仅应该包括经济绩效,还应该包括社会绩效和社会效率,而营商效率作为社会效率的重要组成部分,应该被纳入到社会绩效的评价体系之中。通过研究文献回顾发现,现有转轨经济研究文献中鲜有探讨转轨国家的营商效率问题。文章将营商效率划分为外向和内向营商绩效两种,通过对转轨国家2005～2010年的经验数据进行比较和分析后发现,笼统地讨论实施渐进式改革和激进式改革的国家的营商效率孰高孰低是没有意义的,渐进式改革的国家的外向营商效率高于激进式改革的国家,而激进式改革的国家在内向营商效率上高于渐进式改革的国家。最后,文章对营商效率差异性的原因进行了分析并提出了相应的政策建议。

A Comparative Analysis of the Inward and Outward Business Efficiency of Transition Countries Based on their Historical Data from 2005 to 2010

How to assess the transition performance comprehensively is one of the important research issues in transition economics.Transition performance should not only contain economic performance,but also include social performance and social efficiency.However,business efficiency,which is one of the most important indicators of social efficiency,should be included in the social performance system.The literature review of the paper indicates that there is rare literature having discussed the business efficiency of transition countries.It classifies business efficiency into outward efficiency and inward efficiency,conducts an comparative analysis of the data from 2000 to 2010 in transition countries,and finds that it is useless to talk about the overall efficiency in transition countries,which reveals that the outward business efficiency of incremental reform countries is higher than that of radical reform countries,and the inward business efficiency of radical reform countries is higher than that of incremental reform countries.Finally,it analyzes the reason of business efficiency and proposes some policy suggestions.