产权制度的起源与禀赋效应

产权制度的起源是经济理论的重大议题之一。当违背产权契约的收益大于成本时，个体便有可能不尊重产权而导致群体面临典型的社会困境。自然的演化过程如何化解这样的困境便成了重要的研究问题。我们在鹰一鸽博弈的基础上引入禀赋效应，通过构建相应模型并进行计算机仿真发现，尊重产权的策略能够在演化压力下获得优势并扩散至整个群体。我们的研究表明，人类的产权制度可以在自发的演化过程中得以建立和维护。

The Origin of the Institution of Property and the Endowment Effect

The origin of the institution of property is one of the most significant topics in economic theory. When the lure of defection covers the cost, individuals may breach the contract of property rights, leaving the group stuck in the typical social dilemma. How the evolution process of nature resolves this dilemma becomes an important research problem. By introducing the endowment effect into the Hawk -Dove game, we construct a game model and solved it by computer simulations. We found that the strategy of respecting property rights could attain evolutionary advantage and spread to the whole group. Our research shows that the institution of property in human beings can be constructed and persist through spontaneous evolution process.