中国农业劳动生产率的稳态趋同:产出增长率与劳动力转移的影响

文章运用横截面分析法对我国1990-2002年间的农业劳动生产率进行了趋同测试,结果表明,农业劳动生产率不仅发生了显著的条件β趋同,还存在显著的σ趋同,且处于向其稳态转型的最后阶段。通过研究,我们发现,我国农业劳动生产率在此期间的趋同是由农业产出增长率变化与农业劳动力转移所引起的农业就业增长率变化共同作用的结果,而且放任经济的自由发展,这种区域农业劳动生产率差距不会自动消失。因此,我们必须通过投资导向、制度创新、农村工业企业和第三产业的发展等来缩小区域农业劳动生产率差距,以协调区域经济发展。

The Effect of Output Growth Rate and the Labor Transfer on the Agricultural Labor Productivity Convergence of Our Country

This article has a test of agricultural labor productivity convergence of our country between year 1990 and 2002 with cross-section analyzing approach. The results are the follows; the agricultural labor productivity exists not only conditional βconvergence but also σconvergence distinctly, and it has been in the ultimate phase of its transiting to steady-state. After an e-conometric analyzing,it points out that both the changing of agricultural output's growth rate and the changing of agricultural employment's growth rate which is brought out mainly by agricultural labor transfer during these years contribute to the agricul-tural labor productivity convergence, and the latter one contributes more. Finally, it points out that the gap of regional agricul-tural labor productivity of our country will not vanish automatically if we let it be, so in order to coordinate regional economic development,we must take measures such as increasing investment, carrying through institutional innovation,developing rural industry and the tertiary industry to lessen the gap of regional labor productivity artificially.