Determinants of quadic patenting: Market access,imitative threat,competition and strength of intellectual property rights |
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| Affiliation: | 1. United Nations University–MERIT and Maastricht University, Keizer Karelplein 19, 6211 TC Maastricht, The Netherlands;2. School of Management, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China;3. Grenoble Ecole de Management, Grenoble, France and United Nations University-MERIT, Maastricht, The Netherlands;2. Department of Economics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, and Laboratory of Economic Analysis and Policy, P.O. Box 184, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;1. Department of Mechanics, Mathematics, and Management — Politecnico di Bari, Italy;2. SPRU— Science and Technology Policy Research, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9SL, UK |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyzes firms' decisions to seek intellectual property rights in global markets, particularly in China. We introduce the notion of a ‘quadic patent,’ defined as a patent family that consists of patent applications filed at the European Patent Office, the Japanese Patent Office, the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and the national patent office of a fourth country. We examine the determinants of quadic patenting at the industry level for China, and at the country level for a sample of 38 countries. Our results indicate that quadic patenting is driven by the need to access markets, respond to imitative threats, and compete in product markets. |
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