Cooperation and discrimination within and across language borders: Evidence from children in a bilingual city |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Economics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;2. Melbourne Institute, University of Melbourne, Australia;3. Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223, USA;1. School of Economics, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom;2. CESifo (Munich, Germany);3. IZA (Bonn, Germany);4. Department of Economics, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 5, Hamburg 20146, Germany;1. UMIT TIROL – Private University for Health Sciences and Health Technology, Institute for Management and Economics in Healthcare, Eduard-Wallnöfer-Zentrum 1, Hall in Tirol 6060, Austria;2. University of Innsbruck, Universitätsstrasse 15, Innsbruck 6020, Austria;3. ETH Zurich, Zuerichbergstrasse 18, Zurich 8092, Switzerland;1. ifo Institute, University of Munich, CESifo, Germany;2. Department of Economics, University of Konstanz, CESifo, IZA, Germany;3. ifo Institute, University of Munich, Germany;4. Harvard Graduate School of Education, NBER, CESifo, United States of America;5. University of Munich, ifo Institute, CESifo, IZA, Germany;1. University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain;2. Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States;3. Departamento de Economía Aplicada y Estadística, UNED (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia), Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | We present experimental evidence from a bilingual city in Northern Italy on whether the affiliation to a specific language group affects behavior in a prisoner?s dilemma game and leads to discrimination. Running a framed field experiment with 828 six- to eleven-year old primary school children in the city of Meran, we find that cooperation generally increases with age, but that the gap between cooperation among in-group members and cooperation towards children speaking another language is considerable and develops with age. This gap is due to both in-group favoritism and language group discrimination. While the former is persistent across all age groups and both language groups and accounts for most of the discrimination observed, the latter only emerges in later years of primary school among children belonging to the German language group. |
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| Keywords: | Cooperation Discrimination Language Children Experiment |
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