基于改进TOPSIS法的乡村振兴评价及地区比较

[目的]乡村振兴战略是破解"三农"难题,是实现农业现代化、农村繁荣、农民富裕的治本之策。而实现乡村振兴,农村繁荣,首先需要使用科学的方法对昆明市乡村振兴水平进行定量测度,并纵向与云南省和全国进行比较,通过科学测度和比较,充分了解当前各个目标任务的实现程度及差距,以便为指导下一步的工作方向提供依据。[方法]文章基于产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效和生活富裕5个乡村振兴战略目标任务,选取22个细化指标,运用层次分析法、熵权法和TOPSIS法对昆明市、云南省和国家2016―2022年(共6年,无2021年预测值)的乡村振兴程度进行定量测度和比较。[结果]从综合贴近度来看,昆明市各年的综合贴近度均高于云南省和全国;根据平均增长法测度的云南省综合贴近度高于全国,但现实情况是云南省低于全国平均水平,说明当前云南省还应加快乡村振兴步伐,否则可能实现不了2022年的目标。[结论]昆明市乡村振兴发展态势较好,部分二级指标贴近度的现实值超过了目标值,但要进入全国前列还需努力;云南省乡村振兴发展水平总体滞后,需加快推进力度以带动昆明市的进一步发展。

RURAL REVITALIZATION EVALUATION AND REGIONAL COMPARISION BASED ON THE IMPROVED TOPSIS METHOD

The strategy of rural revitalization is the fundamental solution to solve the issues concerning agriculture, countryside, and farmers, to achieve agricultural modernization, rural prosperity, and farmers'' affluence. To achieve these goals, we firstly used scientific methods to quantify the level of rural revitalization of Kunming city and compare it with that of Yunnan province and the national level. The scientific measurement and comparison helped understand the status quo accomplishment of rural revitalization in Kunming city and how that was different from other regions, which may provide some policy implications in the future. Based on the five strategic objectives of rural revitalization, i.e., industrial prosperity, ecological livability, rural civilization, effective governance, and affluent life, this paper employed 22 indicators to quantify the level of rural revitalization of Kunming city and compared it with the level of Yunnan province and the national level between 2016 and 2022 (2021 predictive value missed) by using the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process, Entropy weight, and TOPSIS method. The results were showed as follows. The comprehensive closeness of Kunming city was found to be higher than that of Yunnan province and the national level in each year; when using the average growth method, the comprehensive closeness of Yunnan province was found to be higher than the national level, while the real world situation was that Yunnan was lower than the national average. The results indicated that Yunnan province should speed up the pace of rural revitalization, and otherwise, it may lag behind to achieve the goal set for 2022. It concludes that the development of rural revitalization of Kunming city has been good, and the actual values of closeness for some secondary indicators outperforms the targeted values, but it still needs efforts to enter the forefront of the country. The overall level of rural revitalization of Yunnan province is lagging behind, and it needs to speed up to facilitate further development of Kunming city.