山东省乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价及提升策略研究

[目的]改善乡村人居环境是我国新农村建设的重要内容,也是实现乡村振兴战略的一场硬仗。[方法]文章从生产环境、生活环境和生态环境三个方面系统构建了乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价指标体系,采用熵权法和加权综合法对2007—2017年山东省乡村人居环境可持续发展水平及时空分异展开研究,并进一步分析生产环境、生活环境和生态环境3个子系统之间的协调性变化趋势。[结果](1) 2007—2017年山东省乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价分值基本呈直线增长趋势,发展态势良好。其中生产环境、生活环境和生态环境均整体得到一定的改善。(2) 2007—2009年山东省乡村人居环境协调指数呈现上升趋势。2010—2014年乡村人居环境协调指数整体呈现降低趋势。2015—2017年协调指数有所提升,但增幅较小。(3)研究阶段内各地级市乡村人居环境可持续发展水平评价分值均呈递增趋势,但区域之间存在一定差异,主要表现在东部沿海地区相对发展水平较高,鲁西南地区比较落后。随着可持续发展水平的提升,地区差异越来越明显。[结论]各地市应充分发挥地区区位、产业、交通等优势,继续统筹生产、生活和生态环境稳步协调发展,不断缩短地区差异,综合提升乡村人居环境可持续发展水平。

STUDY ON THE EVALUATION AND PROMOTION STRATEGY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF RURAL HUMAN SETTLEMENTS IN SHANDONG PROVINCE

Improving the rural living environment is an important part of China''s new rural construction and a hard battle to realize the rural revitalization strategy. This study systematically constructed an evaluation index system for the sustainable development level of rural human settlements from three aspects: production environment, living environment and ecological environment. The entropy weight method and weighted comprehensive method were used to make the rural human settlement environment sustainable in Shandong province from 2007 to 2017. The development level and time-space differentiation were studied, and the coordination trend between the three subsystems of production environment, living environment and ecological environment were further analyzed.The results showed that (1) From 2007 to 2017, the evaluation scores of the sustainable development level of rural human settlements in Shandong province showed a linear growth trend, and the development trend was good. The production environment, living environment and ecological environment had all been improved. (2) From 2007 to 2009, the coordination index of rural human settlements in Shandong province showed an upward trend. From 2010 to 2014, the rural human settlements environment coordination index showed a downward trend as a whole. From 2015 to 2017, the coordination index had increased, but the growth rate was small. (3) During the research period, the evaluation scores of the sustainable development level of rural human settlements in all cities and towns showed an increasing trend, but there were some differences between the regions, mainly in the relatively higher development level of the eastern coastal areas, and the relatively backward in southwest Shandong. As the level of sustainable development increases, regional differences become more apparent. So, all regions should give full play to the advantages of regional location, industry and transportation, continue to coordinate the steady development of production, living and ecological environment, continuously shorten regional differences, and comprehensively improve the sustainable development level of rural human settlements.