基于生态服务价值的长江经济带耕地生态补偿量化研究

[目的]长江经济带是我国坚持生态优先发展的示范区,区域内耕地所提供的生态服务价值不可忽视。对区域内耕地生态补偿进行量化测算,以期为长江经济带的区域协同发展、绿色发展提供一定的理论与实践参考。[方法]文章在综合考虑区域内各省市经济发展程度和人民生活水平的基础上,对长江经济带区域内11个省市的耕地生态服务价值、耕地生态足迹等进行量化测算,通过引入耕地生态超载指数,最终建立耕地生态补偿量测算模型得出区域内各省市耕地生态补偿量。[结果]长江经济带区域内总体耕地生态服务价值尚有盈余,全区域共可获得200.05亿元耕地生态补偿费;长江经济带下游、中游、上游3个片区所提供的耕地生态服务价值量之比约为3∶3∶4,而产生的耕地生态足迹之比约为4∶3∶3;长江经济带区域内主要的补偿省份是浙江,需补偿247.25亿元,主要的受偿省份是云南,可受偿167.13亿元。[结论]长江经济带区域内耕地生态服务与生态消费之间存在明显的"空间异位"现象,应建立该区域内省际耕地生态补偿机制,经济发达的生态输入区应优先对生态输出区进行补偿。

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION OF CULTIVATED LAND IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT BASED ON ECOLOGICAL SERVICE VALUE

The Yangtze River Economic Belt is a demonstration area in China that adheres to ecological priority development. The value of ecological services provided by cultivated land in the region cannot be ignored. The article quantitatively estimates the cultivated land ecological compensation in this area, in order to provide theoretical and practical reference for regional coordinated development and green development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the economic development level of the provinces and cities and the living standards of the people in the region, the quantitative evaluation of the cultivated land ecological service value and the cultivated land ecological footprint of 11 provinces and cities within the Yangtze River Economic Belt were carried out, and the cultivated land ecological overload index were introduced, then the calculation model of cultivated land ecological compensation amount was established to obtain the ecological compensation amount of cultivated land in each province and city. The results showed that there was still a surplus of the total cultivated land ecological service value in the area of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. A total of 20.005 billion yuan of cultivated land ecological compensation fees could be obtained in the whole region. The ratio of the cultivated land ecological services value provided by the lower, middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was about 3:3:4, and the ratio of cultivated land ecological footprint was about 4:3:3. The main compensation province in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was Zhejiang, which needed to be compensated 24.725 billion yuan. The main reimbursed province was Yunnan, which could be paid 16.713 billion yuan. In conclusion, there is a clear "space ectopic" phenomenon between cultivated land ecological services and ecological consumption in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The inter-provincial arable land ecological compensation mechanism should be established in the region. The economically developed ecological input area should give priority to the ecological output area.