基于DEA-Tobit模型的农民专业合作社效率分析——来自新疆生产建设兵团的实证

目的]通过测度新疆建设生产兵团农民专业合作社效率以及探究其影响因素,以期为兵团合作社的效率改进方向和策略提供理论支撑。方法]文章基于2019年对兵团408家农民专业合作社的微观调研数据,运用DEA-Tobit方法测度了农民专业合作社的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率,并进一步对农民专业合作社综合效率的影响因素进行了分析。结果]农民专业合作社的综合效率、纯技术效率和规模效率均整体水平偏低,且综合效率水平偏低主要由是纯技术效率偏低导致。合作社规模和合作社等级负向影响合作社的效率,而理事会规模、政府财政资金支持、产业类型等因素正向影响合作社效率。结论]改善合作社的纯技术效率可有效提升兵团农民专业合作社效率,且农民专业合作社规模、理事会规模、理事长受教育程度、合作社等级、政府财政资金支持、技术培训频率、产业类型等因素均是提高农民专业合作社效率的关键因素。

EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF FARMERS' PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES BASED ON DEA TOBIT MODELDEMONSTRATION FROM XINJINANG PRODUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION CORPS

By measuring and exploring the efficiency of farmers'' professional cooperatives and its influencing factors of Xinjiang Construction and Production Corps, so as to provide theoretical support for the direction and strategy of efficiency improvement of farmers'' professional cooperatives in Xinjiang Construction and Production Corps. Based on the micro data of 408 farmers'' professional cooperatives in 2019, DEA-Tobit method was used to measure the comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of farmers'' professional cooperatives, and the influencing factors of the comprehensive efficiency of farmers'' professional cooperatives were further analyzed. The overall level of comprehensive efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of farmers'' professional cooperatives was low, and the low level of comprehensive efficiency was mainly caused by the low pure technical efficiency. The scale and level of cooperatives had a negative impact on the efficiency of cooperatives, while the size of the council, the level of cooperatives, government financial support, and the type of industry had a positive impact on the efficiency of cooperatives. It concludes that improving the pure technical efficiency of cooperatives can effectively improve the efficiency of farmers'' professional cooperatives, and the scale of farmers'' professional cooperatives, the size of the council, the education level of the chairman, the level of cooperatives, the financial support of the government, the frequency of technical training, the type of industry and other factors are the key factors to improve the efficiency of farmers'' professional cooperatives.