中国城市水务产业民营化的绩效评价实证研究

本文从总量水平、生产效率、利润和普遍服务水平四个方面构建了中国城市水务产业民营化的绩效评价指标体系,运用1990-2009年的数据检验了民营化对有关指标的影响。检验结果表明,民营化对增加城市水务产业供水总量和利润均有显著影响,但民营化对提高生产效率和普遍服务水平均没有显著影响。从分析结果看,城市水务产业利润增加很可能是由于水价提高造成的,因此政府必须建立有效的价格管制体系。同时,政府在推进民营化的过程中,应出台激励政策引导民营资本进入管网建设领域,以提高普遍服务水平。

Empirical Study on the Performance Evaluation of the Municipal Water Industry's Privatization in China

The paper structures the performance evaluating index system of the municipal water industry’s privatization in China from four aspects,i.e. the total quantitative level,production efficiency,profit and general service level;uses the data from 1990 to 2009 to test the privatization’s influence on every index.The test result shows: privatization increases the total quantitative level in urban areas significantly;privatization enhances the profit of the municipal water industry significantly;there is no proof that privatization can reduce production cost and advance production efficiency;privatization can’t increase the general service level significantly.It can be concluded that the increasing profit maybe results from the high water price and government should set up effective price regulation systems.At the same time,government should set up encouragement policies to coax non-state owned companies into the pipe network’s construction in the later stage of propelling privatization.