粮食供应链脆弱性分析与整合研究

粮食供应链的脆弱性分为结构型和胁迫型两种。结构型脆弱性由供应链的主体组织化程度和网络一体化程度决定,胁迫型脆弱性则由供应链的风险承受弹性和风险发生概率决定。粮食供应链管理目标就是降低这两种脆弱性,形成"高效+安全"的粮食供应链。供应链整合是降低粮食供应链脆弱性的有效途径。本文从探索组织创新模式、完善利益分配机制、实施信息共享技术和实行风险闭环管理等四个方面给出了整合思路,并提出了由政府、产业化龙头企业、商业流通企业和农民专业合作经济组织主导的四种可供操作的整合模式。

Research on Grain Supply Chain Vulnerability and Integration

The grain supply chain vulnerability includes structural and riskbased vulnerability.The former is decided by the degree of body organization and network integration.The latter is decided by the tolerance of the grain supply chain to risk and probability of risk.The target is to reduce the two kinds of vulnerability in order to constitute an efficient and safe supply chain.Integration is an effective way to reduce vulnerability.The paper studies integration from four aspects: innovating organizational models,perfecting allocation mechanisms of interests,implementing technology of information sharing and carrying out circulatory management of risk.It puts forward four operational modes under the government,leading agricultural enterprises,commercial circulation enterprises and farmer specialized cooperative economic organizations.