旅游效率的研究议题、测度方法与未来展望

作为衡量旅游高质量发展的重要指标，旅游效率近年来受到学界的广泛关注。在阐释了旅游效率的多维内涵、构建了基于经济-社会-生态维度的旅游效率分析框架的基础上，对国内外旅游效率各维度研究进展进行了系统梳理，对旅游效率测度方法的演进与评价指标的争议进行评述。综合来看，旅游效率研究呈现出以下特点：研究主题上，已由注重旅游经济效率向旅游社会效率和旅游生态效率等多元议题拓展；研究内容上，现有研究基本回答了“旅游效率是多少”的问题，但对旅游效率的形成过程及影响机理等仍缺乏深入的探讨；研究方法上，旅游效率测度方法日趋精细复杂，对传统DEA模型的修正与改进成为近年来研究的一个创新点。最后，从加强旅游效率本质内涵研究、深入探讨影响机理、推动研究方法创新、重视研究成果实践应用4个方面提出研究展望。

Research Topics, Measurement Methods and Future Prospects of Tourism Efficiency

As an important indicator to measure the high-quality and sustainable development of tourism, tourism efficiency has received extensive attention from academia in recent years. Firstly， the multidimensional connotation of tourism efficiency was explained, and a conceptual analysis framework of tourism efficiency was constructed based on the three-dimensional economic-society-ecological dimension. On this basis, the research progress of tourism efficiency was systematically combed, and the existing tourism efficiency measurement methods and evaluation indicators were summarized and reviewed. The results are as follows. In terms of research topics, it has expanded from focusing on tourism economic efficiency to tourism social efficiency and tourism ecological efficiency. In terms of research content, existing research basically answers the question of "how much tourism efficiency is?" but there is still a lack of in-depth discussion on the formation process and influence mechanism of tourism efficiency. In terms of research methods, tourism efficiency measurement methods are becoming more sophisticated and complex. The revision and improvement of the traditional DEA model has become an innovative point of research in recent years. Finally, the research prospects are put forward from four aspects which are strengthening essential connotation research, in-depth discussion of influence mechanism, promotion of research method innovation, and emphasis on practical application of research results.