美国科学与工程人才短缺及其影响研究

本文研究了经济结构调整背景下美国的就业结构现状及变化趋势，分析预测了其高等教育的人才供给状况。在比较主要国家高素质劳动力供需情况变化趋势的基础上，认为世界范围内高素质劳动力短缺时代已经到来，这将导致美国的移民政策出现变化，高素质人才将成为国际竞争的焦点之一。作者认为，应从保护利用国家战略资源的高度来研究制定人才政策。

American Shortage of Qualified Labor and Its Impact

The paper studies the status and trend of U.S. employment structure under the economic restructuring, analyzes the talent supply of higher education, and believes that the era of worldwide shortage of qualified labor has come according to a comparison of the trends in the supply and demand of qualified labor in some major countries, it will lead to a change of American immigration policy, and the issue of qualified labor will be the focus of international competition. The paper also makes recommendation that talent policy should be established based on protection and utilization of strategic national resource.