论地质灾害防治新机制的构建

我国地质灾害种类多、分布广、危害大、防治形势严峻。通过对地质灾害进行分类,至少有天灾、历史遗留欠账、难以明确的治理主体这三类地质灾害的治理需要国家财政负担。这也是有限政府下,地质灾害治理的主要困难。地质灾害的防治本身是一个外部性内部化的过程,而产权交易能够有效地破解地质灾害防治的主要困难,信息公开和公众参与是地质灾害有效防治的重要保障。应构建政府、企业、居民共同参与,责任有主体、管理有力度、投资有收益,行政手段、经济手段、法律手段相结合的地质灾害防治新机制的主要框架和制度体系。

Discussion on Building a New System for Geological Disasters Control

There are many types of geological disasters in China,with widely distributed and catastrophic consequences,and the prevention and control is facing great challenges.This paper argues that the prevention and control of geological disaster,including natural disaster,financial loans left over from history,and intangible governing body,need national financial burden,which is the main difficult under a limited government.Geological calamity prevention and control itself is a process of the internalization of externalities,and property transactions can be effectively crack the main difficulties of geological disasters prevention and control,information disclosure and public participation is an important guarantee for effective prevention and control of geological disaster.This paper proposes that building a main frame and system for the new system of prevention and control of geological disaster,those are: joint participation of government,enterprise and residents;responsibility has subject,the management has strength,and investment has income;and combination of administrative measures,economic instruments and legal methods.