评林毅夫的新结构经济学：理论、政策和难点

近年,林毅夫提出了新结构经济学,据说有可能是发展经济学继结构主义和华盛顿共识之后的第三波理论浪潮的重要流派。新结构经济学认为一个经济体的经济结构内生于它的要素禀赋结构,持续的经济发展是由要素禀赋的变化和持续的技术创新推动的。新结构经济学得出了与旧结构经济学不同的理论结论：市场在资源配置中发挥核心作用,把进口替代看做是发展中国家在发展过程中爬升产业阶梯的自然现象;政府发挥积极作用。新结构经济学在财政政策、货币政策、金融发展、外国资本、贸易政策、人类发展方面得出了一些新的政策启示,但是新结构经济学也存在着一些理论难点。

A Review of Lin Yifu＇s New Structural Economics： Theory,Policy and Difficulty

This paper reviews the new structural economics of Lin Yifu. The new structural economics thinks economic structure is endogenous from its factor endowments within a economic entity,the change of factor endowment and continuous technological innovation promote the sustained economic development. The conclusions different from the old structural economics are： market play a key role in the allocation of resources,import substitution is a natural phenomenon that developing countries climb the ladder of industry in the development process,and government play a positive role. The new structural economics draw some new policy implications in fiscal policy,monetary policy,financial development,foreign capital,trade policy and human development,but also have some theoretical difficulties.