Examining the heterogeneity of treatment patterns in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in the Texas Medicaid population: modeling suboptimal treatment response |
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Authors: | Regina Grebla Juliana Setyawan Chanhyun Park Kristin M Richards Esmond D Nwokeji Manjiri Pawaskar |
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Institution: | 1. Global Outcomes Research and Epidemiology, Shire, Lexington, MA, USA;2. Health Outcomes Division, The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX, USA |
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Abstract: | Objectives: To examine suboptimal responses (SR) in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among pediatric patients in the Texas Medicaid program receiving osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS-MPH) or lisdexamfetamine (LDX) and apply an SR prediction model to identify patients most likely to experience an SR to either OROS-MPH or LDX therapies.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using Texas Medicaid claims data of ADHD children and adolescents (6–17?years of age) initiating OROS-MPH or LDX. Primary SR endpoints were drug discontinuation, switching, and augmentation 12-months post-ADHD drug initiation. Logistic regression models were developed to predict SR to OROS-MPH and LDX in 1:1 matched groups of children and adolescent cohorts.Results: A total of 3,633 children and 1,611 adolescents were matched for each cohort. SR was observed among more children (76.4% vs 72.3%; p?0.001) and adolescents (82.7% vs 78.2%; p?=?0.002) initiating OROS-MPH compared to LDX. Patient sub-groups with the highest predicted risk of OROS-MPH SR experienced significantly lower observed SR rates (p?0.05) when initiating LDX (children: 80.6% for OROS-MPH vs 75.8% for LDX; OR?=?0.75, 95% CI?=?0.60–0.94; adolescents: 87.2% for OROS-MPH vs 80.6% for LDX; OR?=?0.61, 95% CI?=?0.41–0.89). For patients with highest predicted SR rates to LDX, observed SR rates were not significantly different between patients initiating LDX or OROS-MPH.Conclusions: This study demonstrated how a personalized medicine approach using administrative claims data can be used to identify sub-groups of child and adolescent ADHD patients with different risks for suboptimal response with OROS-MPH or LDX in a Medicaid population. |
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Keywords: | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD treatment precision medicine personalized medicine suboptimal response |
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