基于专利转让数据分析的高校科技成果转化路径探索

高校是国家创新体系的重要组成部分，其专利转让与许可是建设创新型国家的重要环节。全国高校数量众多，专利授权数量和有效专利数丰富，但高校专利转让及许可实施效果欠佳。采用实证分析方法，对2013—2020年全国高校专利转化数据进行挖掘和分析，从有效发明专利数、专利转让率、专利所有权转让及许可数、专利所有权转让及许可收入等维度，深入研究全国高校专利转让与许可现状，分析制约高校专利转化的关键因素，并从完善高校科研评价体系、加大与企业和市场需求的对接、建立健全科技成果转化管理机构等方面提出对策和建议。

Transformation Path Exploration of University Scientific and Technological Achievements Based on the Analysis of Patent Transfer Data

University is an important part of the national innovation system, and its patent transfer and licensing is an important link in the construction of an innovative country. There are a large number of universities in China, and the number of patent authorization and effective patents is rich, but the implementation effect of patent transfer and licensing in universities is not good. Using empirical analysis method, the national universities patent transfer data from 2013 to 2020 is mined and analyzed , and the current situation of patent transfer and licensing in universities from various dimensions is studied, such as effective invention patents number, patent transfer rate, patent ownership assignment and license number, patent ownership transfer and licensing income. The key factors restricting patent transformation in universities are analyzed. Countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from the aspects of improving the evaluation system of scientific research in universities, increasing the connection with enterprises and market demands, and establishing and perfecting the management organization of scientific and technological achievements transformation.