关于船舶所有权登记与国籍登记的探讨——兼谈船舶国籍登记持证人的确定

《船舶登记条例》和《渔业船舶登记办法》把船舶所有权登记作为船舶国籍登记的前提,船舶所有权登记也就成为了强制登记。作者从船舶物权是动产物权,其转移所有权的公示方式是交付,船舶物权登记不是强制登记,在法律上产生的是对抗善意第三人的效力人手,论述了所有权登记应实行国家引导船东自主决定的原则;从行政许可角度,本文论述了国籍登记(初始)是行政许可,确认的权利主体即持证人应当是船长,国家基于行政管理的需要对国籍登记应实行强制登记;作者从理论上和实务上对船舶所有权与国籍分别登记进行了阐述。

The discussion regard of Ownership Registration and Nationality Registration -- the determination of ship nationality registered holder

The ship registration ordinance and the fishing vessels registration rule put the registration of the ownership as the premise of ship＇s registry, registration of the ＇ownership also became the compulsory registration. The author discusses that the ownership of ship is movable registration ownership, the way of bulletin of transfer ownership is to deliver, the property of the ship registration is not compulsory registration, and the effectiveness of against the third one happens by the law, the registration of ownership should implement the principle that the state guide ship owner make decision by themselves. From the point of view, the article discusses the nationality registration （initial） is an administrative license, confirmation of the rights of the subject i.e. the owner should be the captain, the state should implement mandatory registration to the nationality registration based on administration. The author represents the registration of ownership and nationality registration separately in theory and practice.