技术性贸易壁垒政策择优:一个局部均衡的分析框架

技术性贸易壁垒由于其维护国家安全、保护人类和动植物安全和健康、保证产品质量以及保护环境等方面的正当理由 ,成为了贸易保护主义的庇护所。各进口国频繁使用技术性贸易壁垒来保护本国产业和市场 ,有时候保护的成本是很高的 ,甚至超过了保护的收益所得。本文用一个单一产品市场局部均衡的分析框架 ,演示利用成本收益分析对SPS措施进行政策择优的过程 ,该方法提供了分析不同收益和成本以及贸易限制、价格和福利关系的框架。结论是 ,进口国应该权衡成本和收益 ,技术性贸易壁垒政策的实施要考虑经济效率 ,经济学的分析可以为此提供理论依据。

Optimal Policy Making of Technical Barriers to Trade:a Partial Equilibrium Framework

Technical Barriers to Trade are frequently used to protect national safety, protect animal, plant and human health as well as protect environment. However even the legitimately used TBT/SPS measures may restrict trade and be welfare-reducing if the losses from protection outweighs the gains. The paper tries to arouse more awareness about the economics effects of TBT/SPS policy measures by using the cost-benefit analysis. The conclusion is that it needs to make a comprehensive economic assessment about TBT/SPS policies.