激励机制设计与碳减排

低碳经济本质上是一种全新的经济发展模式，而市场经济条件下经济发展模式的转变有赖于合理的激励机制设计。在一国碳排放总额（或碳排放强度）承诺固定的情况下，探讨、比较了引导企业实施碳减排的不同激励机制。主要结论为：①由于信息不对称，单纯行政性减排机制缺乏经济效率；②除非交易成本过高，否则政府适当确定各企业的碳排放配额（初始产权配置），并允许企业之间以自主确定的价格就配额进行自由交易的“碳交易”机制比政府直接征收碳税更有效。

Incentive Mechanism Design and Carbon Reduction

Low-Carbon Economy is essentially a new economic development mode, while the change of economic development mode in the context of market-oriented economy depends on incentive-compatible mechanism design. In this paper we discuss and compare different incentive mechanisms to induce enterprises to cut emissions, given the constraint of fixed amount of carbon emissions （or carbon intensity） in a country. The main conclusions are as follows. First, government＇s direct administrative control lacks economic efficiency for reducing emissions. Second, Cap-andtrade mechanism is more effective than government＇ s taxation on carbon emissions.