Two Lighthouses to Navigate: Effects
of Ideal and Counter-Ideal Values on Follower Identification and Satisfaction with Their Leaders |
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Authors: | Niels van Quaquebeke Rudolf Kerschreiter Alice E Buxton Rolf van Dick |
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Institution: | (1) Management, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 3C3 |
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Abstract: | Ideals (or ideal values) help people to navigate in social life. They indicate at a very fundamental level what people are
concerned about, what they strive for, and what they want to be affiliated with. Transferring this to a leader–follower analysis,
our first study (n = 306) confirms that followers’ identification and satisfaction with their leaders are stronger, the more leaders match followers’
ideal leader values. Study 2 (n = 244) extends the perspective by introducing the novel concept of counter-ideals (i.e., how an ideal leader should not be) as a second, non-redundant point of reference. Results confirm that a leader’s match on ideal and on counter-ideal values have independent effects in that both explain unique variance in followers’ identification and satisfaction
with their leader. Study 3 (n = 136) replicates the previous results in an experimental scenario study and provides evidence for the proposed causal direction
of the underlying process. We conclude that counter-ideal values might be an additional point of reference that people use
to triangulate targets above and beyond ideal values and discuss the implications of our findings for value research and management. |
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