Outperformance Certificates: analysis, pricing, interpretation, and performance

In this paper we introduce a new financial product named Outperformance Certificates. We study the €43 billion sample by examining 1,507 issues of the certificates outstanding in August 2005 issued by banks in Europe. We present formulas to price the certificates and empirically examine the profits in the primary market for issuing the certificates. We find that issuance of the certificates is profitable for the issuers in our sample. Issuers sell the certificate at prices 3–5 % above the fair value based upon the components of the underlying assets. We also find that the dividend yields and ex-dividend dates play an important role in the profitability of the certificates. The underlying securities tend to have high dividend yield and large market capitalization. We also find the certificates tend to mature soon after the ex-dividend dates of the underlying assets.