列宁对俄国资本主义发展的经济史考察及其方法论特色——读《俄国资本主义的发展》

19世纪末 ,列宁继承马克思等经典作家对欧洲 ,尤其是对英国资本主义发展的经济史考察的传统 ,运用马克思主义的基本经济理论 ,对俄国农奴制改革以来资本主义在工业、农业部门的发展进行了经济史的考察和分析 ,不仅阐明了马克思主义的一些基本原理 ,大大发展了马克思主义 ,而且是列宁领导俄国革命的理论和现实依据。 2 0世纪 4 0年代 ,毛泽东对近代中国社会发展阶段和社会性质的考察和分析 ,提出新民主主义理论 ,可以看作是马克思、恩格斯、列宁的这一经济史考察传统的继承和发扬。

On Lenin's Study of Economic History on the Development of Capitalism in Russia and Its Methodology Particularities

The economic history's studies on the development of capitalism in Russia by Lenin at the end of the nineteen century was succeeded to Karl Max's studies tradition of economic history on the capitalism in Europe, especially in England. It had studied and analyzed the development of capitalism in the department of industry and agriculture of Russia since the reform of Helot system, which applied materialism and basic economic theory of Marxism. Lenin's studies not only clarified the economic theories of Marxism, but also developed Marxism greatly. They were theoretic and realistic grounds of Russia revolutionary under Lenin. It is also the succeeding to and development of Marx and Lenin's study traditions and methods that Mao Zedong studied on the society and economy of modern times in China and brought forward the theory of New Democracy in the 40's of the twenty century.