“三农”问题的症结及其化解逻辑

“三农”问题的集中表现是农民整体收入水平偏低,影响农民收入的根源在于农业效率低下。而较低的农业效率,一方面内生于农业特性所决定的可分工程度小,从而就业空间有限;另一方面外生于农业剩余劳动力转移的体制约束。因此,“三农”问题的主要症结在于农业劳动力的剩余与滞留。通过中心城镇的建设加快农业剩余劳动力的转移,通过职业教育提升农民的就业能力,通过分工深化来改善农业效率,是化解“三农”问题的三把钥匙。

"AGRICULTURE, FARMERS, RURAL AREAS" PROBLEMS: CRUX AND SOLVING

The focus of "agriculture,farmers,rural areas" problem is the general low income of farmers,and the source is the low efficiency of agriculture.The low agriculture efficiency results from low dividability of agriculture and institutional constraints to the mobility of surplus agricultural labors.Therefore,the crux of "agriculture,farmers,rural areas" problem lies on surplus and stay of agricultural labors.Finally,this paper suggests that we should construct the core cities,increase the ability to obtain employment by vocational education,and deepen the agricultural division.