区域性公共产品与东亚的功能性合作——日本的实践及其启示

区域性公共产品的供给和消费是分析东亚区域合作的一个理论新视角。自第二次世界大战结束以来,日本在不同阶段提供了各具形态的区域性公共产品,这成为日本促进东亚经济一体化和实现自身大国外交战略的核心途径之一。在日本国内,功能性合作被普遍视为构建东亚共同体的基本路径和关键内容,而区域性公共产品的供给则是开展功能性合作的重要方式。在东亚的区域合作中,亚洲各国既要珍惜传统友谊、政策宣示的积极作用,也要通过制度性建设和功能性的外溢、通过公共产品的供给和消费以及相互利益的交换和妥协等方式给予刚性支撑。在当下的东亚国际政治经济格局中,联合供给区域性公共产品和开展功能性合作是一种较为现实的政策选择。积极扮演区域性公共产品提供者的角色,有效促进东亚的区域经济合作成为二战后日本亚洲外交战略的重要组成部分。中国应该积极借鉴日本的成功经验,以共同供给区域性公共产品的形式进一步推进东亚区域合作。

Regional Public Goods and Functional Cooperation in East Asia:The Japan Experience and Implications

The supply and consumption of regional public goods is a new perspective to analyze East Asian regional cooperation.Ever since the World War II,Japan has been offering regional various kinds of public goods in different periods,which becomes a critical approach for Japan to promote economic integration in East Asia and to enforce its own diplomatic strategy as a great power.Domestically,functional cooperation is commonly regarded in Japan as an essential approach and the main content in constructing the proposed "East Asian Community",and the provision of regional public goods serves as a fundamental method in functional cooperation.For the regional cooperation in East Asia,it is imperative to create pivot points through institutional accumulation and functional spillover,supply and consumption of public goods,and the exchange and compromise of interests while maintaining traditional friendship and policy publicity.At present,the provision of regional public goods and functional cooperation is still the most feasible option for East Asian countries with regard to the political-economic reality.It has been an essential part in Japan’s Asian diplomatic strategy to provide regional public goods and promote regional functional cooperation.China may draw good lessons from the Japan experience.