国际比较:农民成为市民的制度安排

农村劳动力向非农业部门转移是个长期的必然的历史进程。英国、美国、日本和巴西在农村人口城市化的过程中,工业化对农村劳动力产生强大拉力,农业的规模化、机械化则对农村人口城市化产生推力,土地制度的变革、自由迁徙权利的确立以及教育水平的提高,为农村人口城市化提供了前提和制度保障。中国现阶段正处在农村人口高速向城市转移的时期,需要充分借鉴其他各国农村人口城市化的经验和教训。

Institutional Arrangements of Migrant Workers Citizenization: An International Comparison

Industrialization produced a strong pull for the rural labor force when UK,U.S.,Japan and Brazil in the process of urbanization.At the same time,concentration of land and mechanization of agriculture pushed village labors into the cities.There were still some other important factors affected the process of urbanization in these countries,such as the confirmation of the right of free migration,the change of land institution and the improvement of education in rural areas.China is in the high-speed urbanization stage,the urbanization history of these countries provides a reference and enlightenment for China.