国内主要航司航线网络结构特征比较研究

基于复杂网络和核心-边缘研究方法对国内主要航司航线网络结构特征进行比较分析。结果表明：十大航司网络中厦航特征路径长度最小,网络整体通达性最高,华夏航特征路径长度最大,整体通达性最低;海航网络效率、结合度和连接率最高,内聚性和结构完备性最好;网络效率和结合度最低的是华夏航,连接率最低的是春秋航;节点直达性方面,海航网络平均直达性最高,华夏航最低,航线网络中直达性最高的城市均为航司总部或主运营基地所在地;节点直达性均服从指数分布,其中国航、南航、东航、深航、海航呈现近似的分布规律;区域间航班分布空间异质性明显,除华夏航和川航外,其余八大航东-东、东-西间的航班联系占比均较高,华夏航和川航的西-西间航班联系占比最高;不同航司网络均存在明显的核心-边缘层次特征并表现出“属地优势”特色,但结构体系存在显著差异,其中国有三大航核心层覆盖城市最多。

A Comparative Study on Structural Characteristic of Air Transport Networks in Major Domestic Airlines

A comparative study on structural characteristics of major domestic airlines is conducted by using complex network theory and core-periphery method . The results show that Xiamen Airlines has the smallest characteristic path length, meaning the highest accessibility, while China Express has the largest characteristic path length, implying the lowest accessibility. Hainan airlines has the highest cohesiveness and binding rate. China Express has the worst cohesiveness and Spring Airlines has the lowest binding rate. In terms of node direct connectivity, Hainan airlines has the highest average value, while China Express has the lowest average value. Cites with the highest degree are individual operation center of each airlines. The cumulative probability distributions of node degree in the top10 airline networks all follows an exponential function. Air China, China Southern Airlines, China Eastern Airlines, Shenzhen Airlines and Hainan Airlines have similar distributions. Additionally, the flight flow distribution presents significant spatial heterogeneity. Except for China Express and Sichuan Airlines, the other eight major airlines have a higher percentage of flight flow between East-East and East-West, but China Express and Sichuan Airlines have the highest percentage of flights flow in West-West. Finally, different airline networks have significant core- periphery hierarchies and exhibit geographic dominance, but present obvious differences at the same time. Compared to other airlines, the core layers of the three major state-owned airlines cover the maximum cities.