Prediction intervals in conditionally heteroscedastic time series with stochastic components |
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Authors: | Santiago Pellegrini Esther Ruiz Antoni Espasa |
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Institution: | a Middle Office, Dirección de Mercados, Repsol YPF, Madrid, Spainb Department of Statistics, Universidad Carlos III, Getafe 28903, Madrid, Spainc Instituto Flores de Lemus, Universidad Carlos III, Getafe 28903, Madrid, Spain |
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Abstract: | Differencing is a very popular stationary transformation for series with stochastic trends. Moreover, when the differenced series is heteroscedastic, authors commonly model it using an ARMA-GARCH model. The corresponding ARIMA-GARCH model is then used to forecast future values of the original series. However, the heteroscedasticity observed in the stationary transformation should be generated by the transitory and/or the long-run component of the original data. In the former case, the shocks to the variance are transitory and the prediction intervals should converge to homoscedastic intervals with the prediction horizon. We show that, in this case, the prediction intervals constructed from the ARIMA-GARCH models could be inadequate because they never converge to homoscedastic intervals. All of the results are illustrated using simulated and real time series with stochastic levels. |
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Keywords: | ARIMA-GARCH models Local level model Nonlinear time series State space models Unobserved component models |
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