2008~2014年滇池水质时空变化特征分析

滇池位于昆明市南部，是该市重要的水源地，支持着昆明市现代工业、农业、旅游业等的发展，分析其水质的时空变化十分重要。利用2008~2014年水质监测数据，分析了滇池主要污染物、富营养化指数和浮游植物丰度的时空变化特征。结果发现：滇池总磷、总氮、氨氮、高锰酸盐指数年尺度上整体呈减小的趋势，不同监测点的变化趋势存在一定的差异；富营养化指数年尺度上表现为减小的趋势，年内变化差异较大，6~8月富营养化指数较高，其他月份富营养化指数较低；浮游植物丰度年尺度上呈下降趋势，年内变化表现为6~8月浮游植物丰度较大，其他月份丰度较小。滇池的草海及邻近区域主要污染物、富营养化指数和浮游植物丰度大于外海部分。得益于滇池治理力度的加强，近年来滇池水质得到较大改善。

Water quality variation characteristics of Dianchi Lake during 2008 to 2014

Dianchi Lake is located in the south of Kunming City, as an important water sources for Kunming, it supports the development of the modern industry, agriculture, tourism etc., so the spatial and temporal variation analysis of water quality for the Dianchi Lake is very necessary. With the water quality monitoring data during 2008 to 2014, this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal variation of main pollutants, eutrophication index and phytoplankton abundance of Dianchi Lake. It is discovered that TP, TN, Ammonia nitrogen, Permanganate Index of Dianchi Lake generally decreased in annual scale, however with certain difference in different monitoring points; eutrophication index and phytoplankton abundance all presented annually decreased trend, and in a year scale they were all higher in June to August and lower in other months; the main pollutants, eutrophication index and phytoplankton abundance of north sub-lake Caohai and the adjacent zone were larger than that in the main lake in the south. Owning to the extensive harnessing of Dianchi Lake, the water quality has been improved greatly in recent years.