加拿大数字货币的发展实践与启示

分布式账本技术的应用使数字货币进入了新的发展阶段。中央银行数字货币是中央银行的电子化负债,其对计价、交易、支付以至货币政策传导等都存在深刻影响。以加拿大为例,重点分析加拿大银行数字货币的发展实践,着重讨论加拿大贾斯珀项目如何测试分布式账本技术在银行间大额支付系统的适用性,同时分析如何将数字货币支付结算拓展至证券和外汇领域,并与外部合作进行跨境、跨币种支付试验。加拿大央行数字货币实践取得的积极进展表明,数字货币发行能力是维系央行功能的基础保障,但仍需权衡中心化管理体系与去中心化技术系统的匹配问题,分布式账本技术及其在央行数字货币的应用仍需深入研究与评估。

The Development Practice and Enlightenment of Canadian Digital Currency

The application of distributed ledger technology has brought digital currency into a new stage of development.Central bank digital currency is the electronic liability of the central bank,which has a profound impact on pricing,transaction,payment and even monetary policy transmission.Taking Canada as an example,this paper focuses on analyzing the development practice of digital currency of Bank of Canada,and on discussing how the Jasper project in Canada tested the applicability of distributed ledger technology in inter-bank large value payment system.At the same time,it analyzes how to expand digital currency payment and settlement to securities and foreign exchange fields,and conduct cross-border and cross-currency payment experiments with external cooperation.The positive progress made by the Bank of Canada’s digital currency practice shows that the ability to issue digital currency is the basic guarantee for maintaining the functions of the central bank.However,it is still necessary to weigh the matching between the centralized management system and the decentralized technology system,and the distributed ledger technology and its application in the central bank’s digital currency still need in-depth research and evaluation.