长江经济带高技术制造业创新效率时空格局演变研究

高技术制造业作为实施创新驱动战略和加速新旧动能转化的重要载体，是推动长江经济带成为引领我国经济高质量发展生力军的关键。采用规模报酬可变的投入导向型NSBM模型，测度2011—2016年长江经济带高技术制造业创新整体效率和两阶段效率，并探讨效率演变的时空特征和内在机理。结果显示：长江经济带高技术制造业创新整体效率和阶段效率均呈下上中游梯度递减的空间分异特征，下游地区高技术制造业处于要素配置优化推动转型升级的调整期，呈集聚水平、创新效率“高高”特征;中上游地区处于粗放式集聚加剧要素错配的阵痛期，呈集聚水平、创新效率“低低”特征。技术研发效率不高是导致长江经济带高技术制造业创新低效率的主要原因。投入导向和关联错配导致的中游塌陷与局部效率洼地，会加剧区域效率分化，最终演变为全局低效率。为改变长江经济带高技术制造业创新局部高效、全局低效的不利境地，实现创新效率提升，需强化区域科技合作机制，完善市场科技服务体系，树立质量效益型研发目标。

Study on the Spatial Patterns of Innovation Efficiency of High-tech Manufacturing Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

As an important carrier to implement the innovation-driven strategy and promote the transformation of old and new kinetic energy, high-tech manufacturing industry is the key to promoting the Yangtze River Economic Belt to become a new force for the high-quality development of China's economy. This paper uses variable returns to scale input-oriented NSBM model to measure the overall and two-stage efficiency of high-tech manufacturing innovation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2011 to 2016, and explore the spatial characteristics and internal mechanism of efficiency evolution. The results show that the overall efficiency and stage efficiency of high-tech manufacturing innovation characterized by the spatial differentiation of the gradients of the upper and middle reaches. The downstream areas is in the adjustment period of the allocation to promote the transformation and upgrading. The characteristics of “high and high” innovation efficiency. The middle and upper regions are in the painful period of extensive agglomeration and intensify factor mismatch, showing the low agglomeration and low efficiency. The low efficiency of technology research is the main reason for the low efficiency of innovation in high-tech manufacturing. The central collapse and local inefficiency caused by “input-oriented” and “association mismatch” will intensify regional efficiency differentiation and eventually become global inefficiency. To change the disadvantages of high efficiency and overall inefficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and achieve efficiency changes, it is necessary to strengthen regional science and technology cooperation mechanisms, improve market technology service systems, and establish quality-oriented research and development goals.