劣质减压渣油加工方案探讨

由中东原油生产的劣质减压渣油，可作为延迟焦化原料，也是生产沥青的好原料。文章重点探讨了沥青生产的工艺路线，脱沥青油的处理，以及在沥青产品处于淡季时，将沥青与减渣掺混后作延迟焦化原料的可行性。文章以某企业的减压渣油为例，考虑了3种加工方案。方案1：减压渣油全部作延迟焦化原料；方案2：减渣抽出一部分去丙烷脱沥青，脱沥青油去加氢裂化，脱油沥青与减渣掺混后作延迟焦化原料；方案3：减渣抽出一部分去丙烷脱沥青，脱沥青油去加氢裂化，部分脱油沥青与少量减渣调合后生产重交通道路沥青产品，其余减渣与脱油沥青去延迟焦化。通过对以上3种加工方案的技术经济分析，认为方案3经济效益较好。

Discussion on Processing Methods of Inferior Vacuum Residue

The inferior vacuum residue produced with Middle East crude oil can be used as raw material of delayed coking and asphalt. This paper emphatically introduced the producing process of asphalt and treatment of deasphahed oil, discussed the feasibility of using blend of asphalt and vacuum residue as raw material of delayed coking in slow season of asphalt products. It proposed three processing schemes with the example of vacuum residue in an enterprise. The first scheme is using all the vacuum residue as delayed coking material; the second scheme is taking part of the vacuum residue for propane deasphalting and hydrocracking successively, and then blending it with the remained vacuum residue as delayed coking material; the third scheme is taking part of the vacuum residue for propylene deasphahing and hydroeraeking sueeessively, blending part of the deoiled asphalt and a small amount of vacuum residue for production of heavy traffic road asphalt, and using the remained vacuum residue and deoiled asphalt for delayed coking. Based on technological and economic analysis of the above three processing schemes, the third scheme was considered the best in aspect of economic profit.