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Urban transport pricing reform with two levels of government: A case study of Brussels |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, United States;2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, United States;3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States;4. University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States;5. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, United States;6. College of Transport and Communications, Shanghai Maritime University, People’s Republic of China |
| Abstract: | This paper analyses two challenges in the reform of urban transport pricing. First the construction of an optimal package of urban transport pricing instruments assuming one benevolent welfare maximizer. It is found that parking and tolling are the most important elements of the optimal package and that these policy instruments are sub-additive in their benefits. The second problem is the use of pricing instruments by different government levels: the urban government controls parking fees and the regional government controls a cordon toll. It is found that the overall efficiency losses in the Nash and Stackelberg equilibria are limited. |
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