清代江南官员开发西北水利的思想主张与实践--唐鉴《畿辅水利备览》的撰述旨趣及历史地位

清嘉庆时，唐鉴编写并刊刻了《畿辅水利备览》。咸丰元年至三年（1851～1853）他两次向咸丰帝陈述其发展畿辅水利的思想主张，并把刻本进奏给朝廷。唐鉴认为，发展直隶水利，只应开垦直隶水田，不必深究河道问题，并论述了如何开展畿辅水利营田的具体方法和步骤。唐鉴关心畿辅水利，既是他的学识和经历使然，又有历史的和现实的社会与经济原因。

Jiangnan Literate Officer''''s Thought and Practice of Water Conservancy''''s Exploitation in Northwest China during Qing Dynasty

Tang Jian compiled a book A Complete Handbook on Jifu's Water Conservancy in Qing Dynasty in Jiaqing emperor's period.He stated his proposals of irrigation works in Jifu to Xianfeng emperor twice from 1851 to 1853 and gave in the block-printed edition to the court.He thought that it should reclaim cropland in Zhili province,not research river course deep.He also discussed the concreate ways and steps about how to practice irrigation works in Jifu.Why Tang Jian was concerned about the water conservancy in Jifu?It is not only because of his knowledge and experience,but also bears on the social and economic conditions both in history and in reality.