商船与渔船碰撞问题研究

近年来,商船与渔船之间碰撞事故频繁发生,已成为水上交通安全生产的重要隐患。究其原因,渔船作业区域与商船航线相互交叉重叠是客观原因;船员安全意识薄弱、船员素质低,疏于瞭望是主观原因;国际海上避碰规则难以有效执行是直接原因;船舶管理不完善、肇事惩罚机制不健全,渔船安全装备设施落后是深层次原因;海洋其他产业与传统渔业争夺水域的矛盾为根本原因。为遏制商船渔船碰撞事故恶化趋势,要科学规划海洋使用功能,合理确定航道和渔业水域;完善法律法规,强化法律责任追究;加大投入,努力提高渔船安全装备水平和救助能力;加强教育培训,提高船员安全生产素质;加强船舶管理,构建渔业、海事部门海上联动机制,加强安全生产保障能力。

An study on the collisions of merchant ships and fishing boats

In recent years,collisions between merchant ships and fishing boats occurred frequently,which has become the important risk in water traffic safety production.The objective reason is that the area of operation of fishing vessels and merchant shipping routes intersect overlap; The subjective reasons is that the crew’s safety awareness is weak,quality low and outlook neglect; The direct cause is that the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions are not effective enforced;ship management poor,accident punishment mechanism not perfect,the fishing vessel safety equipment and facilities outdated is a deep-seated reason;however,marine industries and traditional fisheries competition for the waters of contradiction is the fundamental cause.In order to curb the deterioration of collision accident trends,it is necessary to scientific plan for marine use, reasonably determine the waterways and fishing waters;improve laws and regulations,strengthen legal accountability;increase investment and efforts to improve the safety of fishing vessels and equipment levels and rescue;strengthen education and training to improve the production quality of the safety of the crew;strengthen ship management,and build the linkage mechanism at fisheries and maritime sector,to strengthen the safety production and support capabilities.