生命成本:关于消费函数理论的一个新假说

消费者行为究竟是收入决定还是成本决定，关系到消费函数理论的基础构建与对诸多重大消费者行为现象的理论解释。传统消费函数理论基于收入假说，忽视了不同消费者为获得同一收入需要付出不同生命成本这一关键事实。由于消费的本质意义在于满足消费者生命的需要，生命为消费付出的代价，才是消费者消费支出的理性尺度。因此，消费者消费支出的决定性影响因子并不是收入差异．而是消费者为获得一定收入付出的生命成本差异。消费者消费倾向差别的根源发生在作为生产者的生产过程，而非消费过程。文章由此提出了基于生命成本假说的消费函数理论，并构建了一个消费者一生产者相统一的消费者行为解释新框架。

Life Cost: A New Hypothesis for the Consumption Function Theory

It is believed that life cost expenditure and revenue marginal equilibrium is the basic rule for human beings' living activities. Money (wage) is the revenue from the expenditure of life cost. And different consumers pay different life cost for same income. Basing on this thought,the article brings forward the life cost hypothesis,based on which a new consumption function is established and the consumer equilibrium formula is endowed new connotation. The conclusion of this article is: the crucial affected factor for consumption expenditure is not the income level of consumer,but is related to the life cost expenditure differences for gaining a certain income,i. e. the difficulty of gaining income,which accordingly proves that low wage is the important reason for the low consumption rate of some countries.