单供应商——单销售商两级供应链批量模型及算法研究

针对单供应商－单销售商两级供应链，建立了“批对批”、等量延迟送货和等量 非延迟3种生产－补货模型，研究了供应链上下游企业在集中式决策和分散式决 策策策略。给出了各种情形下供应商和销售商各自的最优决策以及与之相对应的 库存水平和供应链系统总成本函数。最后通过数值仿真实验分析了模型的最优解 特性并对结论做了进一步的说明。

The Energy Efficiency DEA Method under Unified Evaluation System

The DEA method has been applied for the analysis and evaluation of energy efficiency .Through analyzing the models for this purpose,a problem is found that the energ y efficiency values in different periods according to these DEA models are calcu lated actually on different weight bases and,therefore,cannot be directly used f or comparison.For solving this problem,this paper puts forward a new method for analysis and evaluation of energy efficiency with DEA model under unified evalua tion system.In this new method and DEA model,the reverse thinking principle is i ntroduced and the preference constraints are designed in addition,so that the ev aluation weights in the original DEA model can be obtained from the inversing so lving process.In such a way,the DEA energy efficiency analysis theory can be clo sely combines together with the initial input-output economic significance.The n ew method and DEA model is used for the energy efficiency analysis of the world s top 10 energy consumer countries in the year 2011,in which,the free developm ent path standard and high energy efficiency standard are separately applied.