林业产业结构升级对国有林区改革绩效的影响

基于2003—2016年东北、内蒙古重点国有林区87个林业局的面板数据,以林业总产值、森林管护面积、年末在岗职工人数作为衡量指标,采用面板数据固定效应模型分析林业产业结构升级对国有林区改革绩效的影响机制。结果表明:林业产业结构高级化对国有林区改革绩效具有促进效应,但产业结构升级速度过快也会在一定程度上对国有林区改革绩效产生抑制效应;林业财政投资额对林业总产值具有显著促进作用;年末在岗职工人均工资对森林管护面积和年末在岗职工人数具有显著促进作用;林业工作站数量对森林管护面积具有显著促进作用。因此为推动国有林区改革工作顺利进展,重点国有林区林业产业结构升级应与经济发展水平和生态环境状况相适应。

The Impact of the Upgrading of Forestry Industrial Structure on the Reform Performance of State-owned Forest Areas

⑴ Background——In response to the resource crisis and economic crisis in the 1980 s,key state-owned forest areas have gradually implemented corresponding reform measures.In 2015,the reform of key state-owned forest areas was officially launched.Under the background of the reform of state-owned forest areas,it is of theoretical and practical value to study the impact mechanism of the upgrading of forestry industrial structure on reform performance in key state-owned forest areas.⑵ Methods——Base on the panel data of 87 forestry bureaus in the key state-owned forest areas of Northeast China and Inner Mongolia from 2003 to 2015,through the relevant tests,a fixed effect model of panel data is established to study the impact mechanism of the upgrading of forestry industrial structure on the reform performance of state-owned forest areas.⑶ Results——The empirical results show that the high-level forestry industrial structure can significantly promote the reform performance of state-owned forest areas,but the rapid upgrading of forestry industrial structure will have a restraining effect on reform performance,especially for the economic development level of key state-owned forest areas.Under the background of the reform of state-owned forest areas,increasing the investment in forestry finance has a significant promotion effect on the economic development level of key state-owned forest areas,but the impact on the restoration of forest resources and the streamlining of personnel is not significant.Increasing the income of forest workers is also conducive to promoting the reform progress of the state-owned forest areas,mainly in the promotion of the restoration of forest resources and the progress of personnel streamlining work.However,there is no significant impact on the economic development of key state-owned forest areas to increase the income of employees.Increasing the number of forestry workstations is significantly positively related to the degree of restoration of forest resources in the reform performance of state-owned forest areas,which is conducive to the smooth progress of state-owned forestry reform,but has no significant impact on the economic development of forest areas and the progress of personnel streamlining.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Although the resource crisis and economic crisis in the key state-owned forest areas have been alleviated to some extent,under the background of the official launch of the reform of state-owned forest areas in 2015,the forestry industrial structure should achieve a healthy upgrading,and the upgrading of industrial structure should be steadily advanced.The process of economic transformation should not be too fast,otherwise it will adversely affect the progress of reform.At the same time,in order to promote the smooth implementation of the reform of state-owned forest areas,it is necessary to increase financial investment in key state-owned forest areas,focus on solving the problem of reform costs,and ensure the effective implementation of various measures in the reform of state-owned forest areas.Increasing financial input,especially gradually increasing the income of forestry employees,can significantly enhance the enthusiasm of workers in the forest areas,and promote the economic development of key state-owned forest areas and the progress of forest resources management and protection.In addition,the Forestry Bureau should also speed up the construction of forestry workstations,and rely on the scientific and technological support of forestry workstations and forest management to actively promote the reform process of state-owned forest areas and improve the reform performance of the Forestry Bureau.