生态文明建设背景财政扶持、林权改革对林业生产效率的影响

基于2000—2016年中国省际面板数据,利用DEA-Malmquist指数法对中国林业生产效率的区域差异和时序变化进行研究,运用面板Tobit模型检验财政扶持对林业生产效率的影响并验证林权改革对二者关系的调节作用。研究发现:在生态文明建设背景下,林业生产效率存在显著的区域差异;技术进步对于全要素生产率的提升起到重要推进作用;财政扶持与林权改革均对林业生产效率产生了正向影响,但林权改革并没有对财政扶持与林业生产效率的关系产生积极调节作用。因此,各省份应当通过加大政府扶持力度、优化投资方式、深化集体林权制度改革等措施促进林业生产效率提升。

The Influence of Financial Support and Forest Tenure Reform on Forestry Production Efficiency under the Background of Ecological Civilization Construction

⑴ Background——Under the background of ecological civilization construction,it is necessary to provide new ideas for realizing the green development of forestry by accurately measuring the efficiency of forestry production factors allocation,and judging the effects of national financial support and forestry reform on forestry production efficiency.⑵ Methods——The research is based on China's provincial panel data from 2000 to 2016.The DEA-BCC model was used to measure the forestry production efficiency of each province over the years and the DEA-Malmquist index method was used to measure the seasonal changes of forestry production efficiency in each province.The panel Tobit model was used to analyze the influencing factors of forestry production efficiency.⑶ Results——The results show that there are significant differences in forestry production efficiency among provinces.The DEA-Malmquist index indicates forestry.Total factor productivity is on the rise year by year,and technological progress is an important force in the improvement of total factor productivity.The DEA-Tobit model results show that the state financial input in the financial support has a significant effect on the promotion of forestry production efficiency.The coefficients are positive in each regression model,while the local government expenditures are significantly positive in the regression 2,and the rest of the regression models are not significant.The regression coefficient of forest tenure reform is significantly positive in most regression models.The two interaction items of forest tenure reform and financial support are not significant in most regression models.The empirical analysis shows that both financial support and forest tenure reform have positively promoted the improvement of forestry production efficiency.The forest tenure reform has not played a positive role in regulating the relationship between financial support and forestry production efficiency.The estimation results of various control variables show that the internal environmental impact factors and external influence factors faced by forestry production have a significant impact on forestry production efficiency,reflecting the constraint effect of natural resource endowment on forestry production efficiency is losing.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——The weak nature of forestry industry and the external characteristics of public goods determine that forestry development needs state support,relying on financial support and forest tenure reform to achieve forestry self-accumulation and development,and enhance forestry endogenous growth capacity,which is an inevitable choice for forestry development direction.An important path for the construction of ecological civilization.The state financial input method should combine the actual situation of the forestry reform area,concentrate on improving the quality of forestry production subjects,promote the factor circulation,land circulation and forestry service system,expand investment financing channels,improve the trading market,and ensure the effectiveness of the policy through financial support.To play,we cannot blindly pursue the expansion of investment scale.