林业补贴政策对浙江林农营林投入和收入影响分析

基于浙江省3县368户农户的调查数据,采用双重差分模型(DID)研究实施中央财政林业补贴政策对林农营林投入和收入的影响。结果表明:实施林业补贴政策可以显著增加农户的营林投入,但对农户的营林增收没有显著带动作用,这证明林业补贴能够有效刺激林农的营林积极性,但增收效果仍有待观察。因此,选取林业补贴对象应注重"普惠+特惠"制、林业补贴政策需长期稳定执行、政府部门应加强林业补贴政策的宣传力度。

Analysis of the Impact of Forestry Subsidy Policy on the Investment and Income of Forestry Farmers in Zhejiang Province

⑴ Background——Forestry subsidy policies have been implemented in southern collective forest areas since 2009,but whether forestry subsidies from central government motivated incentives of households in forestry investment or whether these forestry subsidies increased household forestry income is worth discussing.⑵ Methods——Based on the panel data of 368 surveyed farmers from 2009 to 2016 in 3 counties of Zhejiang province,the effects of forestry subsidy policies on local farmers' forestry investment and forestry income changes were studied by using the DID model.⑶ Results——The subsidy households have higher forestry investment and income than that of non-subsidized households in both 2009 and 2016. The implementation of forestry subsidy policy can significantly increase the forestry investment of sample households. From the perspective of control variables,after the implementation of forestry subsidy policy,variables such as "number of household laborers", "forest area of sample households" and "whether sample households have received technical training" have significantly positive impact on households' forestry investment. From the perspective of regional variables,after the implementation of forestry subsidy policy,the forestry investment of households in Jiande has decreased significantly compared with that of households in Kaihua. The implementation of forestry subsidy policy has no significant effect on the increase of sample households' income from forestry management,but the income impact caused by forestry subsidy policy still needs to be continuously observed due to the long cycle of forestry management. In terms of control variables,variables such as "whether the head of household is a member of the village committee" and "forestry area of sample households" have significant positive effects on the changes of households' forestry investment and income. The forestry subsidy policy based on large-scale households can reduce the transaction cost of policy implementation. Forestry technology training will increase the income of forestry management to a certain extent and stimulate farmers to invest in forestry production and management. From the perspective of regional variables,after the implementation of forestry subsidy policy,the income of forestry farmers in Anji has increased significantly compared with that of forestry farmers in Kaihua.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——①The object of forestry subsidy should focus on the system of"general benefit+preferential benefit". It's important to insist on large-scale households as the main object of forestry subsidy policy,because it can improve the management efficiency of subsidy funds,and it's necessary to establish a special subsidy fund to help small-scale households and encourage ordinary households to jointly declare forestry subsidy policy projects. ②Forestry subsidy policy needs stable and long-term implementation. It's necessary to keep the forestry subsidy to the households regularly and increase the subsidy standard gradually according to the rising trend of the forestry cost in recent years. ③ The popularization of forestry subsidy policy should be strengthened by using different ways such as distributing the introductory of forestry subsidy,sending message or information by internet to explain and publicize forestry subsidy policy to farmers,so that farmers can obtain effective information such as the application and implementation of the forestry subsidy policy.