市场化程度对花卉产业组织影响实证分析

以刘易斯市场规模分析框架为基础,采用2008—2014年中国各省区市花卉产业的面板数据,对市场化进程与花卉产业组织的关系进行实证分析,结果表明:市场化程度对企业数量、小企业数量和小企业比例具有正向影响作用,市场化是促进花卉产业组织演化的重要因素,有利于优化花卉产业组织的规模和结构。因此,政府应该从市场组织与制度完善角度维护好市场竞争秩序,企业应该提升核心竞争力而不是简单扩大规模。

Empirical Analysis of the Influence of Marketization Degree on Flower Industry Organizations

⑴ Background——China is the largest flower producer in the world.Socialist market economy is the most important external institutional environment which the development of flower industry is facing.Research shows that the process of marketization has an important impact on the development of flower industry.Economic organization is an important entry point for empirical research on market system and changes in economic organization can effectively measure the utility of marketization.⑵ Methods——Based on Lewis' market scale analysis framework,this paper constructs a model of the influence of marketization degree on flower industry organizations,in order to measure the effect of market system on flower industry.The data of flower industry organizations come from China Forestry Statistical Yearbook,and the market index of each province comes from China Provincial Marketization Index Report(2016).The data of control variables come from China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Demographic Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook.⑶ Results——Through the panel data analysis of flower industry in 30 provinces and municipalities of China from 2008 to 2014,it is found that the number of flower growers in flower industry organizations is huge,and the enterprise structure is mainly small enterprises.Fixed-effect model was used to quantitatively estimate the impact of regional marketization on China's flower industry organizations,indicating that marketization degree is an important variable in the evolution of flower industry organizations.The four variables of the estimated results have passed the significant test: the coefficient of enterprises is 168.483,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the number of enterprises; the coefficient of small enterprises is 147.788,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the number of small enterprises; and the coefficient of the proportion of small enterprises is 0.046,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the proportion of small enterprises.The coefficient of flower growers is-0.366,which indicates that the marketization degree has a reverse effect on the number of flower growers.At the same time,the impact of control variables of the proportion of female employees in cities and towns and the total retail sales of social consumer goods on flower industry organizations has also passed the significant test.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Marketization is conducive to moderate scale expansion centered on core capacity improvement,and can optimize the scale and structure of the flower industry organizations.Its policy enlightenment is:⑴The government can create and maintain a good market environment,which can promote the healthy development of the flower industry.The government should provide more service-oriented governance to maintain the market's competitive order rather than simply intervene too much in the development of flower industry with administrative governance.⑵The government may consider supporting the construction of large-scale flower market and logistics center,and exerting the important influence of the government on market organization and system innovation.⑶Flower industry policy should focus on improving the core competitiveness of organizations,and support products and service innovation through the promotion of science and technology,tax incentives,beneficiary agricultural loans and other policy means and support product and service innovation to strengthen the flower industry.