跨国公司地区总部集聚的产业集群基础研究

本文以马库森提出的4种类型的产业集群为基础,对形成跨国公司地区总部集聚(简称为RHQ)需要的相应产业集群基础进行了研究.研究结果表明:不同类型的产业集群对跨国公司地区总部集聚具有不同的吸引力.其中卫星平台型产业集群形成RHQ集聚的可能性最大,是RHQ集聚的最佳产业集群基础；马歇尔产业集群形成RHQ的可能最小,是RHQ集聚的最弱产业集群基础；轮轴型产业集群和国家力量依赖型产业区的可能性位于前两种产业集群之间.基于此,地方政府在制定吸引RHQ优惠政策时应深入调查分析本地区的产业集群类型,据此采取不同策略、不同优惠政策吸引RHQ,争取在降低成本的同时最大程度地吸引RHQ,避免不必要的盲目性.

The Research on Industrial Cluster Bases of RHQs' Gathering

The paper does some researches on industrial cluster bases of RHQ’s gathering according to Markusen’s four industrial clusters.The result shows that different kinds of industrial cluster have different affinity to RHQ,which has different possibility of forming RHQ’s gathering.Satellite Platform industrial district which has the biggest possibility of forming RHQ’s gathering is the strongest industrial cluster base.Marshallian industrial district which has the smallest possibility of forming RHQ’s gathering is the weakest industrial cluster base.And the possibilities of other industrial clusters to absorb RHQs are between of them.So,all local governments should diagnoses the types of industrial clusters of the areas and constitute different strategies and preferential policies to absorb RHQ with the lowest cost and avoid needless blindness.