弃水电量应急交易机制研究与应用

弃水电量应急交易模式以省网公司集合并代理水电厂向省外临时卖出交易为特征；交易规则要充分反映不确定性和应急的特点，采用事前签订合同等制度。提出的弃水电量在水电厂之间分割的计算公式比现有的3种方法更加合理。从风险管理的角度看，省网公司在弃水电量应急交易中会产生损失，而参与交易的水电厂总体上会增加收益；但每个水电厂的收益是否增加取决于水电厂的基数电量等指标，具有不确定性。2008年以来湖南省完成弃水电量交易7．67亿kW·h，产生了显著的经济和社会效益。

Discussion on Emergency Transaction Mechanism of Spilled Energy and Its Application

The spilled energy emergency transaction mode features temporary export of electricity outside the province with the provincial power grid company uniting all the hydropower generators and serving as their agent. Rules of power transaction should fully reflect the uncertainties and potential emergencies, and the trade contracts should be made in advance. This paper proposes a formula on distribution of spilled power among hydropower plants, which is more reasonable than the three existing methods. From the perspective of risk management, the provincial power grid company may suffer losses while the hydropower plants generally benefit from the transaction. However, according to the formula, the benefit brought to each plant depends on cardinal electricity and other factors, and therefore remains uncertain. Since 2008, Hunan province has completed transaction of an amount of 767 million kW-h of the spilled energy, and produced significant economical and social benefits.