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Distribution of parallel exchange rates in African countries
Authors:Hippolyte Fofack  John P. Nolan  
Affiliation:a The World Bank, 1818 H St., NW, Room J7-138, Washington, DC 20433, USA;b American University, 4400 Massachussetts Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA
Abstract:This paper investigates the distribution of parallel exchange rates in African countries using exploratory data analysis techniques and model fitting. Stable laws are fitted to empirical distributions using the maximum likelihood estimation method. Empirical evidence supports the stable hypothesis these distributions are positively skewed and have tails that are much heavier than Gaussian counterparts. The stable hypothesis is further supported by the “converging variance test,” which suggests that these distributions have infinite variance.
Keywords:Parallel exchange rates   Stable distributions   Heavy tails   Maximum likelihood estimation
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