对科斯的企业性质和规模的再认识

科斯指出管理协调配置资源是企业的本质属性,它是完全不同于市场价格机制配置资源的另一种配置的方式,本文认为这是抓住了问题的实质的。但科斯所说的企业的规模由企业的组织成本与市场的交易费用的比较来决定的观点是不完全正确的,应该是企业的组织成本与由此产生的低能激励成本之和与市场交易费用的比较。资源是由市场手段配置还是由企业手段配置是企业与市场问题的第一个层次的问题,而企业配置资源的效率问题则是隶属于这一问题的第二个层次的问题,澄清这一认识有助于人们正确地把握企业与市场的关系及其各自的本质属性。

A Study on the Question of the Nature and Scale of the Firm Again

The paper thinks Coase' s veiwpoint is right which the allocation resource with management coordinating manner is the mature of the firm. But, Coase' s viewpoint isn' t right fully which the scale of the firm is the function of the cost of the firm' s organization and the cost of the market' s exchange. The correct viewpoint is that the scale of the firm is decided by the cost of the firm' s organization addiug low incentive cost and the cost of the market' s exchange. The question is first grade which the manner of allocation resource is the firm othe market, and efficiency question which the firm alloates the resource is second grade.